When Should Systemic Antibiotics Be Started During Periodontal Therapy?

Aug 5, 2026 | Clinical Insights, Practice Resources

Paper points and systemic antibiotics illustrating the timing of adjunctive antibiotic therapy during periodontal treatment.

New Study: When Should You Start Systemic Antibiotics?

One of the questions I hear most often is:

“If I’m going to prescribe systemic antibiotics, when should I start them?”

A newly published study in the Journal of Periodontology looked at exactly that question by comparing patients who started systemic antibiotics during scaling and root planing with those who started after periodontal therapy was completed.

🎥 Watch my quick video below for the highlights.


Study Takeaway

This study found that patients who started systemic antibiotics during active periodontal therapy experienced a faster shift toward a healthier subgingival microbiome, although long-term clinical outcomes were similar between the two groups.


My Clinical Takeaway

I’ve always recommended collecting the bacterial sample first, reviewing the report, and—when systemic antibiotics are indicated—starting the recommended antibiotic during scaling and root planing. As we disrupt the biofilm, the antibiotics have a better opportunity to penetrate the tissues and target the bacteria identified on the report.

Remember, systemic antibiotics are not appropriate for every patient. Mechanical debridement remains the foundation of periodontal therapy, with bacterial testing helping identify the patients who may benefit most from adjunctive therapy.


Patients I Commonly Consider for Bacterial Testing

  • Advanced periodontal disease
  • Refractory periodontal cases
  • Persistent inflammation after therapy
  • Peri-implant disease
  • Patients with significant systemic risk factors

Questions?

I’d be happy to help you determine which patients may benefit from bacterial testing or review reports with you and your team.

📅 Schedule a complimentary Zoom


Reference

Fermiano D, et al. Does timing of systemic antibiotics influence periodontal treatment outcomes? Journal of Periodontology. 2026.

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